Could an optimally fitted categorization of difference between multi-disease score and multi-symptom score be a practical indicator aiding in improving the cost-effectiveness of healthcare delivery for older adults in developing countries?

Table 5 Interrelated tendency among health decline score, multi-disease score and multi-symptom score at an optimal DMM categorization using multilevel regression

Determinants	Levels	Health decline score		Multi-disease score		Multi-symptom score
Determinants	Levels	β (SE)	P	β (SE)	P	β (SE)	P
DMM (Difference, MDS-MSS)	0:-0.02–0 (Ref)
	1: < -0.02	0.0497(0.1702)	0.77	0.2063(0.0329)	< 0.001	-0.2413(0.0764)	0.007
	2: 0–0.02	-0.6824(0.1785)	0.002	-0.2464(0.0347)	< 0.001	-0.2798(0.0791)	0.003
	3: > = 0.02	0.8771(0.1694)	< 0.001	-0.0709(0.0327)	0.047	0.7570(0.0762)	< 0.001
Age	0: 60–69 (Ref)
	1: 70–79	0.4163(0.2523)	0.13	0.0912(0.0346)	0.03	0.1392(0.0582)	0.04
	2: > = 80	1.4924(0.2590)	< 0.001	0.2328(0.0365)	< 0.001	0.4454(0.0618)	< 0.001
Sex	0:Female (Ref)
Sex	1: Male	-0.2301(0.0564)	0.010	-0.0275(0.0167)	0.16	-0.0683(0.0304)	0.07
Setting	0: Community (Ref)
Setting	1: Hospital	1.1771(0.1685)	< 0.001	0.1840(0.0549)	0.02	0.2779(0.1042)	0.04
Residency (Hukou)	0: City (Ref)
Residency (Hukou)	1: Rural	-0.0523(0.2452)	0.84	-0.0316(0.0178)	0.14	-0.0271(0.0287)	0.39
Educational attainment (Years)	0: < = 5 (Ref)
	1: 6–9	-0.2424(0.0974)	0.03	-0.0092(0.0154)	0.56	-0.0502(0.0278)	0.10
	2: > = 10	-0.4035(0.0965)	0.002	0.0043(0.0154)	0.78	-0.0322(0.0279)	0.27
Personal Income (RMB Yuan)	0: < = 1800 (Ref)
	1: 1800–3000	0.0679(0.1263)	0.60	0.0687(0.0316)	0.046	0.0952(0.0598)	0.13
	2: 3000–4000	-0.1938(0.1332)	0.17	0.0252(0.0327)	0.45	-0.0021(0.0618)	0.97
	3: > = 4000	-0.1518(0.1404)	0.30	0.0359(0.0339)	0.31	0.0298(0.0638)	0.65

ISSN: 1475-9276