Could an optimally fitted categorization of difference between multi-disease score and multi-symptom score be a practical indicator aiding in improving the cost-effectiveness of healthcare delivery for older adults in developing countries?

Wang, Yuhong; Guan, Guoying; xue, Ying; Zhang, Jingyu; Cui, Zhe; Han, Hui

doi:10.1186/s12939-023-02024-z

International Journal for Equity in Health

Table 2 Characteristics of multi-disease score (MDS) and multi-symptom score (MSS) in the older population, by subnational regions

From: Could an optimally fitted categorization of difference between multi-disease score and multi-symptom score be a practical indicator aiding in improving the cost-effectiveness of healthcare delivery for older adults in developing countries?

Variable	National		North		Northeast		East		Middle		Southwest		Northwest
Variable	MDS	MSS	MDS	MSS	MDS	MSS	MDS	MSS	MDS	MSS	MDS	MSS	MDS	MSS
Age (years)
60–69	0.46 ± 0.38	0.76 ± 0.76	0.48 ± 0.40	0.61 ± 0.68	0.57 ± 0.42	0.86 ± 0.97	0.43 ± 0.36	0.61 ± 0.58	0.47 ± 0.31	0.67 ± 0.58	0.42 ± 0.40	1.10 ± 0.94	0.39 ± 0.35	0.85 ± 0.74
70–79	0.62 ± 0.46	0.99 ± 0.90	0.69 ± 0.48	0.86 ± 0.85	0.60 ± 0.43	1.04 ± 0.97	0.47 ± 0.41	0.56 ± 0.69	0.59 ± 0.37	0.87 ± 0.73	0.57 ± 0.49	1.39 ± 1.00	0.550.44 ±	1.04 ± 0.83
≥ 80	0.85 ± 0.56	1.51 ± 1.13	1.00 ± 0.56	1.45 ± 1.13	0.80 ± 0.54	1.73 ± 1.21	0.60 ± 0.50	0.99 ± 0.83	0.64 ± 0.41	1.11 ± 0.93	0.82 ± 0.54	1.79 ± 1.12	0.67 ± 0.61	1.14 ± 1.02
Sex
Female	0.56 ± 0.45	1.07 ± 0.94	0.62 ± 0.47	0.98 ± 0.93	0.70 ± 0.45	1.36 ± 1.10	0.42 ± 0.39	0.67 ± 0.65	0.52 ± 0.34	0.80 ± 0.67	0.54 ± 0.47	1.42 ± 1.00	0.47 ± 0.43	1.04 ± 0.81
Male	0.63 ± 0.50	0.94 ± 0.94	0.70 ± 0.53	0.80 ± 0.86	0.63 ± 0.49	1.11 ± 1.10	0.50 ± 0.41	0.60 ± 0.67	0.57 ± 0.37	0.85 ± 0.77	0.63 ± 0.52	1.38 ± 1.09	0.50 ± 0.45	0.90 ± 0.84
Residence (Hukou)
Urban	0.64 ± 0.49	0.99 ± 0.95	0.69 ± 0.51	0.88 ± 0.91	0.66 ± 0.48	1.21 ± 1.11	0.59 ± 0.41	0.71 ± 0.71	0.53 ± 0.38	0.80 ± 0.76	0.67 ± 0.52	1.36 ± 1.05	0.50 ± 0.47	0.96 ± 0.85
Rural	0.45 ± 0.38	1.04 ± 0.91	0.40 ± 0.40	0.83 ± 0.83	0.74 ± 0.33	1.54 ± 0.93	0.33 ± 0.33	0.54 ± 0.60	0.57 ± 0.33	0.87 ± 0.66	0.43 ± 0.41	1.47 ± 1.04	0.47 ± 0.35	0.98 ± 0.75
Setting
Community	0.48 ± 0.43	0.94 ± 0.89	0.58 ± 0.47	0.85 ± 0.83	0.45 ± 0.37	0.69 ± 0.71	0.36 ± 0.37	0.58 ± 0.65	0.44 ± 0.35	0.67 ± 0.73	0.44 ± 0.41	1.27 ± 1.00	0.39 ± 0.40	0.87 ± 0.78
Hospital	0.71 ± 0.49	1.07 ± 0.99	0.74 ± 0.52	0.89 ± 0.95	0.87 ± 0.47	1.75 ± 1.18	0.57 ± 0.40	0.68 ± 0.67	0.58 ± 0.36	0.88 ± 0.72	0.86 ± 0.53	1.63 ± 1.08	0.57 ± 0.46	1.04 ± 0.85
Educational attainment (Stratification by years of schooling)
Low (< 5y)	0.54 ± 0.45	1.17 ± 1.00	0.64 ± 0.49	1.01 ± 1.03	0.66 ± 0.35	1.53 ± 1.02	0.42 ± 0.40	0.73 ± 0.76	0.56 ± 0.33	0.96 ± 0.76	0.47 ± 0.44	1.45 ± 1.03	0.54 ± 0.44	1.20 ± 0.85
Moderate (5-9y)	0.57 ± 0.45	0.93 ± 0.89	0.60 ± 0.48	0.86 ± 0.89	0.60 ± 0.40	1.04 ± 0.88	0.43 ± 0.39	0.56 ± 0.62	0.55 ± 0.33	0.81 ± 0.67	0.62 ± 0.51	1.30 ± 1.07	0.50 ± 0.43	0.98 ± 0.81
High (> 9y)	0.64 ± 0.50	0.95 ± 0.92	0.70 ± 0.52	0.84 ± 0.85	0.66 ± 0.49	1.20 ± 1.13	0.52 ± 0.40	0.61 ± 0.59	0.53 ± 0.39	0.76 ± 0.73	0.70 ± 0.53	1.37 ± 1.04	0.47 ± 0.44	0.88 ± 0.79
Personal Income (Stratification by quartiles)
Lowest	0.45 ± 0.39	1.07 ± 0.92	0.44 ± 0.40	0.86 ± 0.83	0.95 ± 0.31	1.71 ± 1.16	0.32 ± 0.32	0.56 ± 0.57	0.54 ± 0.34	0.89 ± 0.68	0.46 ± 0.40	1.38 ± 1.02	0.43 ± 0.35	0.97 ± 0.77
Second	0.59 ± 0.46	0.98 ± 0.93	0.67 ± 0.49	0.97 ± 1.03	0.65 ± 0.48	1.25 ± 1.10	0.54 ± 0.46	0.84 ± 0.82	0.56 ± 0.34	0.83 ± 0.77	0.55 ± 0.50	1.11 ± 0.94	0.48 ± 0.41	1.00 ± 0.82
Third	0.55 ± 0.43	0.90 ± 0.88	0.56 ± 0.45	0.80 ± 0.89	0.61 ± 0.45	1.05 ± 0.97	0.51 ± 0.37	0.52 ± 0.50	0.54 ± 0.38	0.81 ± 0.72	0.65 ± 0.48	1.35 ± 1.04	0.42 ± 0.41	0.83 ± 0.78
Highest	0.67 ± 0.51	1.07 ± 1.05	0.61 ± 0.47	0.88 ± 0.93	0.68 ± 0.49	1.30 ± 1.19	0.50 ± 0.38	0.53 ± 0.57	0.50 ± 0.38	0.73 ± 0.71	0.95 ± 0.57	1.73 ± 1.18	0.66 ± 0.56	1.04 ± 0.95

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