States/ UTs | NFHS-4 (2015-16) | NFHS-5 (2019-21) | Change during 2015–2021 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ECI | SE | p-value | ECI | SE | p-value | Difference | SE | p-value | |
Tamil Nadu | 0.112 | 0.013 | < 0.001 | 0.101 | 0.013 | < 0.001 | -0.010 | 0.018 | 0.562 |
Telangana | 0.280 | 0.031 | < 0.001 | 0.122 | 0.015 | < 0.001 | -0.158 | 0.034 | < 0.001 |
Goa | 0.289 | 0.072 | < 0.001 | 0.157 | 0.080 | 0.052 | -0.131 | 0.108 | 0.222 |
Sikkim | 0.216 | 0.039 | < 0.001 | 0.198 | 0.049 | < 0.001 | -0.018 | 0.063 | 0.773 |
Haryana | 0.325 | 0.019 | < 0.001 | 0.201 | 0.016 | < 0.001 | -0.124 | 0.025 | < 0.001 |
Punjab | 0.446 | 0.021 | < 0.001 | 0.221 | 0.018 | < 0.001 | -0.225 | 0.027 | < 0.001 |
Andhra Pradesh | 0.308 | 0.029 | < 0.001 | 0.226 | 0.028 | < 0.001 | -0.082 | 0.040 | 0.043 |
Himachal Pradesh | 0.280 | 0.030 | < 0.001 | 0.234 | 0.028 | < 0.001 | -0.045 | 0.042 | 0.275 |
Mizoram | 0.190 | 0.016 | < 0.001 | 0.258 | 0.025 | < 0.001 | 0.069 | 0.030 | 0.020 |
Manipur | 0.254 | 0.023 | < 0.001 | 0.267 | 0.033 | < 0.001 | 0.013 | 0.040 | 0.746 |
Arunachal Pradesh | 0.397 | 0.025 | < 0.001 | 0.274 | 0.019 | < 0.001 | -0.123 | 0.031 | < 0.001 |
Kerala | 0.299 | 0.030 | < 0.001 | 0.277 | 0.029 | < 0.001 | -0.021 | 0.042 | 0.611 |
Tripura | 0.413 | 0.040 | < 0.001 | 0.286 | 0.037 | < 0.001 | -0.126 | 0.055 | 0.020 |
Chhattisgarh | 0.324 | 0.013 | < 0.001 | 0.289 | 0.015 | < 0.001 | -0.035 | 0.020 | 0.080 |
West Bengal | 0.438 | 0.020 | < 0.001 | 0.296 | 0.021 | < 0.001 | -0.142 | 0.029 | < 0.001 |
Maharashtra | 0.341 | 0.016 | < 0.001 | 0.303 | 0.014 | < 0.001 | -0.038 | 0.022 | 0.077 |
Bihar | 0.249 | 0.008 | < 0.001 | 0.306 | 0.010 | < 0.001 | 0.057 | 0.013 | < 0.001 |
Assam | 0.315 | 0.015 | < 0.001 | 0.307 | 0.018 | < 0.001 | -0.008 | 0.023 | 0.719 |
Karnataka | 0.336 | 0.019 | < 0.001 | 0.313 | 0.017 | < 0.001 | -0.022 | 0.025 | 0.379 |
Gujarat | 0.313 | 0.018 | < 0.001 | 0.314 | 0.016 | < 0.001 | 0.000 | 0.024 | 0.984 |
Uttar Pradesh | 0.310 | 0.006 | < 0.001 | 0.319 | 0.007 | < 0.001 | 0.009 | 0.009 | 0.335 |
Uttarakhand | 0.417 | 0.019 | < 0.001 | 0.338 | 0.023 | < 0.001 | -0.078 | 0.030 | 0.008 |
Jharkhand | 0.377 | 0.013 | < 0.001 | 0.343 | 0.016 | < 0.001 | -0.035 | 0.020 | 0.087 |
Odisha | 0.382 | 0.014 | < 0.001 | 0.347 | 0.017 | < 0.001 | -0.035 | 0.022 | 0.108 |
Rajasthan | 0.448 | 0.011 | < 0.001 | 0.355 | 0.012 | < 0.001 | -0.094 | 0.016 | < 0.001 |
Nagaland | 0.409 | 0.026 | < 0.001 | 0.376 | 0.030 | < 0.001 | -0.033 | 0.040 | 0.410 |
Meghalaya | 0.362 | 0.023 | < 0.001 | 0.409 | 0.022 | < 0.001 | 0.047 | 0.032 | 0.135 |
Madhya Pradesh | 0.388 | 0.008 | < 0.001 | 0.456 | 0.011 | < 0.001 | 0.068 | 0.014 | < 0.001 |