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Table 2 Percentage distribute and mean of EQ-5D index (SD) of older adults by demographic, socioeconomic, geographic, and health characteristics in 2003–2019

From: Socioeconomic inequalities in health outcomes among Thai older population in the era of Universal Health Coverage: trends and decomposition analysis

Characteristics

2003

(n = 12,450)

 

2006

(n = 12,535)

 

2015

(n = 29,670)

 

2019

(n = 16,292)

%

Mean of EQ-5D index (SD)

 

%

Mean of EQ-5D index (SD)

 

%

Mean of EQ-5D index (SD)

 

%

Mean of EQ-5D index (SD)

Overall

100.0

0.832 (0.228)

 

100.0

0.867 (0.183)

 

100.0

0.934 (0.129)

 

100.0

0.941 (0.115)

Healthcare accessibility

           

Health security schemes

           

UCS

83.6

0.827 (0.229)

 

80.4

0.860 (0.188)

 

80.8

0.931 (0.132)

 

81.2

0.937 (0.118)

CSMBS

14.4

0.850 (0.229)

 

17.1

0.892 (0.160)

 

14.1

0.939 (0.121)

 

12.5

0.947 (0.109)

SSS

1.9

0.919 (0.152)

 

2.5

0.930 (0.115)

 

5.1

0.962 (0.078)

 

6.4

0.970 (0.076)

Demographic and socioeconomic characteristics

      

Sex-age interaction

           

Males age 50–59

22.2

0.907 (0.169)

 

20.8

0.918 (0.155)

 

18.7

0.963 (0.096)

 

18.6

0.971 (0.080)

Males age 60–69

13.3

0.847 (0.213)

 

13.4

0.886 (0.171)

 

13.0

0.942 (0.118)

 

13.8

0.950 (0.105)

Males age 70–79

6.8

0.770 (0.261)

 

6.6

0.813 (0.206)

 

6.9

0.901 (0.160)

 

6.2

0.910 (0.118)

Males age 80+

2.3

0.666 (0.348)

 

1.5

0.728 (0.257)

 

2.3

0.882 (0.167)

 

2.6

0.865 (0.173)

Females age 50–59

26.7

0.874 (0.184)

 

28.7

0.900 (0.144)

 

27.7

0.958 (0.090)

 

26.4

0.966 (0.081)

Females age 60–69

16.3

0.795 (0.240)

 

17.7

0.843 (0.184)

 

18.4

0.929 (0.121)

 

19.7

0.934 (0.119)

Females age 70–79

9.0

0.734 (0.253)

 

9.3

0.770 (0.224)

 

9.7

0.877 (0.175)

 

9.2

0.888 (0.148)

Females age 80+

3.4

0.630 (0.301)

 

2.1

0.706 (0.234)

 

3.2

0.820 (0.217)

 

3.5

0.833 (0.175)

Mean of age (year)

61.8

  

61.4

  

62.2

  

62.3

 

Household Wealth

           

Q1 (poorest)

25.4

0.790 (0.256)

 

31.2

0.823 (0.210)

 

22.6

0.910 (0.157)

 

20.0

0.919 (0.136)

Q2

27.4

0.821 (0.238)

 

23.3

0.875 (0.167)

 

21.0

0.928 (0.137)

 

20.7

0.934 (0.124)

Q3

17.1

0.830 (0.224)

 

16.7

0.877 (0.179)

 

16.4

0.940 (0.112)

 

18.9

0.949 (0.103)

Q4

15.4

0.867 (0.192)

 

14.3

0.891 (0.159)

 

19.1

0.940 (0.121)

 

19.6

0.943 (0.112)

Q5 (wealthiest)

14.6

0.893 (0.178)

 

14.6

0.914 (0.145)

 

20.9

0.954 (0.097)

 

20.8

0.959 (0.09)

Education

           

No education

12.8

0.746 (0.276)

 

10.9

0.818 (0.219)

 

6.5

0.891 (0.183)

 

5.5

0.905 (0.147)

Pre and Primary level

77.5

0.836 (0.222)

 

76.4

0.865 (0.181)

 

74.6

0.931 (0.130)

 

72.7

0.936 (0.118)

Secondary level

5.7

0.899 (0.188)

 

8.5

0.919 (0.155)

 

10.5

0.954 (0.104)

 

12.5

0.962 (0.092)

Post-secondary

4.0

0.930 (0.133)

 

4.2

0.941 (0.102)

 

8.4

0.966 (0.077)

 

9.3

0.969 (0.080)

Geographic characteristics

           

Urban-rural residence

           

Urban

30.4

0.856 (0.216)

 

27.3

0.889 (0.170)

 

40.5

0.940 (0.122)

 

40.6

0.947 (0.107)

Rural

69.6

0.822 (0.233)

 

72.7

0.859 (0.187)

 

59.5

0.929 (0.133)

 

59.4

0.936 (0.120)

Region

           

Bangkok

10.9

0.865 (0.216)

 

8.2

0.918 (0.146)

 

9.3

0.947 (0.107)

 

9.3

0.953 (0.091)

Central

23.1

0.852 (0.200)

 

23.4

0.874 (0.166)

 

25.3

0.927 (0.131)

 

26.0

0.939 (0.115)

North

21.0

0.806 (0.251)

 

22.5

0.869 (0.195)

 

22.4

0.945 (0.117)

 

21.5

0.942 (0.116)

Northeast

34.0

0.823 (0.233)

 

33.6

0.848 (0.196)

 

31.3

0.926 (0.142)

 

31.2

0.937 (0.116)

South

11.0

0.838 (0.226)

 

12.3

0.869 (0.167)

 

11.7

0.937 (0.120)

 

12.0

0.939 (0.125)

Health conditions

           

NCDs morbidity

           

No morbidity

56.2

0.900 (0.162)

 

56.9

0.910 (0.138)

 

54.5

0.965 (0.080)

 

56.7

0.968 (0.071)

Single morbidity

33.7

0.766 (0.258)

 

35

0.822 (0.207)

 

27.7

0.909 (0.146)

 

24.5

0.919 (0.135)

Multimorbidity

10.1

0.677 (0.291)

 

8.1

0.762 (0.244)

 

17.8

0.875 (0.182)

 

18.9

0.885 (0.158)

  1. Noted: calculated from weighted samples
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International Journal for Equity in Health

ISSN: 1475-9276

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