Table 1 Sample characteristics (n = 445,748)

Sex

Male

204,095 (45.8%)

Female

241,653 (54.2%)

Migration background

Dutch-born

389,298 (87.3%)

Western background

38,445 (8.6%)

Non-western background

18,005 (4,1%)

Marital status

Married/co-habitant

313,285 (70.9%)

Single

45,853 (10.4%)

Widowed

30,593 (6.9%)

Divorced

51,877 (11.7%)

Education

Primary school

30,981 (7.5%)

Lower vocational

138,947 (33.5%)

Middle vocational/ secondary

125,981 (30.4%)

Higher vocational/ university

118,985 (28.6%)

Absolute income quartile

0–25% (< €18,200)

64,825 (14.6%)

26–50% (€18.201—€25.200)

122,251 (27.5%)

51–75% (€25.201—€34.100)

125,196 (28.1%)

76–100% (> €34.100)

132,739 (29.8%)

Perceived income inadequacy

Major concerns

12,367 (3.0%)

Some concerns

43,640 (10.5%)

Minor concerns

146,380 (35.1%)

No concerns

215,147 (51.5%)

Chronic disease

None

261,977 (59.9%)

At least one

175,086 (40.1%)

Self-rated health

Fair, bad

125,043 (28.4%)

(very) good, excellent

315,079 (71.6%)

Psychological distress

No or low risk

411,536 (95.1%)

High risk

21,362 (4.9%)

Mode of survey completion

Paper

221,433 (49.7%)

Internet

223,657 (50.2%)

Face-to-face

428 (0.1%)

Telephone

230 (0.01%)

Mean (sd)

Age

59.4 (16.9)

Mastery

26.7 (5.2)