Table 2 Descriptive statistics of study sample
From: Food insecurity and unmet healthcare needs in South Korea
| Â | Â | Number of participants (%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | No unmet need (N = 17,500) | Any unmet need (N = 1894) | P-value | Total (N = 19,394) | |
Food insecurity status |  |  | < 0.01 |  | |
 Severe | 117(0.7) | 74(3.2) |  | 191(0.9) | |
 Moderate | 750(4.2) | 175(8.1) |  | 925(4.5) | |
 Secure | 16,633(95.2) | 1645(88.7) |  | 18,278(94.6) | |
Predisposing factors | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Age: mean (SD) | 41.9(12.6) | 41.5(12.6) | 0.24 | 41.8(12.6) | |
Gender |  |  | < 0.01 |  | |
 Female | 10,195(49.4) | 1305(59.6) |  | 11,500(50.4) | |
 Male | 7305(50.6) | 589(40.4) |  | 7894(49.6) | |
Marital status |  |  | < 0.01 |  | |
 Married | 12,448(66.3) | 1269(63.4) |  | 13,717(66.0) | |
 Single | 3748(27.8) | 401(27.9) |  | 4149(27.8) | |
 Separated/widowed/divorced | 1304(5.9) | 224(8.7) |  | 1528(6.1) | |
Education attainment |  |  | < 0.01 |  | |
 College or higher | 7873(47.6) | 753(43.7) |  | 8626(47.2) | |
 High school | 6850(40.5) | 696(39.0) |  | 7546(40.4) | |
 Middle school or below | 2777(11.9) | 445(17.3) |  | 3222(12.4) | |
Employment status |  |  | < 0.01 |  | |
 Full-time worker | 6425(39.3) | 605(34.8) |  | 7030(38.8) | |
 Temporary or daily worker | 2171(12.3) | 278(15.3) |  | 2449(12.6) | |
 Employer or self-employed | 2681(15.1) | 300(16.4) |  | 2981(15.2) | |
 Unemployed or retired | 6223(33.3) | 711(33.5) |  | 6934(33.3) | |
Enabling factorsa | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Household income (monthly) | 498.8(316.1) | 425.8(291.8) | < 0.01 | 491.9(314.7) | |
Home ownership |  |  | < 0.01 |  | |
 Over two | 2459(13.3) | 220(11.6) |  | 2679(13.2) | |
 One | 9167(51.7) | 890(45.5) |  | 10,057(51.1) | |
 None | 5874(35.0) | 784(42.9) |  | 6658(35.7) | |
Household size | Â | Â | 0.02 | Â | |
 One | 1356(7.4) | 173(8.2) |  | 1529(7.5) | |
 Two | 4122(20.2) | 445(20.7) |  | 4567(20.2) | |
 Three | 5025(30.2) | 575(31.6) |  | 5600(30.3) | |
 Over four | 6997(42.2) | 701(39.6) |  | 7698(41.9) | |
Private health insurance |  |  | < 0.01 |  | |
 Yes | 15,700(89.7) | 1624(86.6) |  | 17,324(89.4) | |
 No | 1800(10.3) | 270(13.4) |  | 2070(10.6) | |
Urbanicity | Â | Â | 0.36 | Â | |
 Urban | 14,593(86.5) | 1564(85.9) |  | 16,157(86.4) | |
 Rural | 2907(13.5) | 330(14.1) |  | 3237(13.6) | |
Housing type |  |  | < 0.01 |  | |
 Apartment | 10,219(57.7) | 982(52.1) |  | 11,201(57.2) | |
 Non-apartment | 7281(42.3) | 912(47.9) |  | 8193(42.8) | |
Need factors | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Arthritis |  |  | < 0.01 |  | |
 Yes | 1160(4.9) | 213(8.7) |  | 1373(5.3) | |
 No | 16,340(95.1) | 1681(91.3) |  | 18,021(94.7) | |
Asthma |  |  | < 0.01 |  | |
 Yes | 433(2.6) | 75(3.7) |  | 508(2.7) | |
 No | 17,067(97.4) | 1819(96.3) |  | 18,886(97.3) | |
Diabetes | Â | Â | 0.70 | Â | |
 Yes | 997(5.0) | 112(4.6) |  | 1109(5.0) | |
 No | 16,503(95.0) | 1782(95.4) |  | 18,285(95.0) | |
Hypertension | Â | Â | 0.06 | Â | |
 Yes | 2443(11.8) | 235(10.1) |  | 2678(11.7) | |
 No | 15,057(88.2) | 1659(89.9) |  | 16,716(88.3) | |
Self-rated health |  |  | < 0.01 |  | |
 Good or better | 15,067(86.8) | 1281(69.3) |  | 16,348(85.2) | |
 Poor | 2433(13.2) | 613(30.7) |  | 3046(14.8) | |