Table 1 Demographic data and prevalence of alternative health care by sociodemographic data
Characteristics | Column % | NCD service provision during COVID 19 crisis, row % (95%CI) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hospitals (n = 1,267) | New medication delivery services (MDSs) | |||||
Collected at primary health centres (n = 615) | Delivered by village health volunteer (n = 90) | Postal delivery (n = 30) | Collected at registered-private community pharmacies (n = 16) | |||
Total (row %) | 72.10 (63.83,79.09) | 36.41 (27.51,46.35) | 5.32 (3.46,8.08) | 1.72 (0.90,3.24) | 0.94 (0.45,1.94) | |
Sex | ||||||
Male | 48.28 | 73.20 (66.18,80.21) | 36.93 (27.27,46.60) | 5.55 (2.54,8.57) | 1.48 (0.37,2.59) | 0.73 (0.11,1.36) |
Female | 51.72 | 71.26 (62.39,80.13) | 36.06 (26.17,45.95) | 5.15 (2.71,7.58) | 1.89 (0.51,3.27) | 1.09 (0.20,1.98) |
Age group (years) | ||||||
15–24 | 15.02 | 82.10 (48.13,116.0) | 0.00 (0.00,0.00) | 0.00 (0.00,0.00) | 0.00 (0.00,0.00) | 35.81 (6.27,77.88) |
25–39 | 26.57 | 76.14 (65.27,87.01) | 26.64 (14.86,38.42) | 1.21 (-1.35,3.77) | 2.04 (0.61,4.68) | 1.13 (1.24,3.50) |
40–59 | 40.23 | 73.55 (65.68,81.43) | 36.93 (26.96,46.89) | 4.02 (1.89,6.15) | 1.55 (0.42,2.67) | 0.80 (0.13,1.48) |
60 and over | 18.18 | 70.35 (62.12,78.57) | 37.23 (27.22,47.23) | 6.91 (3.72,10.09) | 1.84 (0.25,3.44) | 0.79 (0.07,1.52) |
Living Area | ||||||
Rural | 65.45 | 66.46 (58.48,74.44) | 44.32 (36.42,52.22) | 6.62 (4.01,9.24) | 1.65 (0.40,2.89) | 0.57 (0.03,1.10) |
Urban | 34.55 | 82.50 (72.87,92.14) | 21.81 (9.51,34.11) | 2.90 (0.40,5.40) | 1.85 (0.35,3.35) | 1.63 (0.13,3.12) |
Education | ||||||
Non-education and Primary | 34.30 | 69.08 (61.58,76.59) | 40.81 (32.15,49.48) | 7.06 (4.28,9.84) | 1.73 (0.51,2.95) | 0.51 (0.04,1.06) |
Secondary | 45.31 | 79.48 (71.15,87.82) | 28.49 (16.48,40.50) | 2.19 (0.43,3.95) | 1.66 (0.01,3.33) | 1.20 (0.21,2.20) |
Bachelor and up | 20.39 | 78.01 (67.52,88.49) | 19.65 (6.41,32.90) | 1.28 (0.45,3.02) | 1.30 (0.47,3.08) | 3.90 (1.30,9.10) |
Occupation | ||||||
Employee (government/Private company) | 13.69 | 87.06 (79.61,94.56) | 14.74 (2.32,27.15) | 1.92 (-1.96,5.81) | 1.48 (0.92,3.88) | 2.13 (1.01,5.26) |
Self-employed (Local business) | 43.24 | 73.66 (64.97,82.34) | 34.20 (23.86,44.55) | 3.60 (1.16,6.04) | 1.95 (0.04,3.95) | 1.11 (0.04,21.8) |
Agriculture/Labour/informal workers | 20.35 | 66.47 (56.66,76.27) | 47.44 (37.25,57.64) | 7.59 (4.09,11.08) | 0.87 (0.04,1.79) | 0.50 (0.26,1.25) |
Others | 22.72 | 71.37 (62.54,80.09) | 34.26 (24.91,43.61) | 7.06 (3.68,10.44) | 2.23 (0.46,3.99) | 0.77 (0.14,1.69) |
Monthly individual income quintile | ||||||
1st (poorest) | 24.23 | 67.83 (58.73,76.92) | 41.81 (32.34,51.28) | 8.50 (3.90,13.10) | 1.97 (0.40,3.53) | 0.36 (0.37,1.10) |
2nd | 17.30 | 59.82 (49.91,69.73) | 46.67 (36.49,56.85) | 5.32 (1.84,8.80) | 2.96 (0.31,6.22) | 0.56 (0.30,1.43) |
3rd | 23.36 | 78.35 (69.16,87.55) | 34.92 (24.38,45.46) | 2.57 (0.68,4.45) | 1.07 (0.21,2.36) | 0.81 (0.06,1.69) |
4th | 20.40 | 84.16 (76.74,91.57) | 20.58 (8.73,32.42) | 3.17 (0.60,5.73) | 0.46 (0.53,1.46) | 1.86 (0.49,4.22) |
5th (richest) | 14.71 | 83.44 (77.49,89.39 | 21.13 (10.63,31.63 | 3.61 (0.63,6.60) | 1.17 (0.87,3.22) | 2.54 (0.55,4.54) |
Health insurance | ||||||
UHCS | 82.98 | 70.27 (62.68,77.87) | 40.02 (31.16,48.87) | 6.19 (3.77,8.60) | 1.55 (0.38,2.71) | 0.63 (0.07,1.19) |
SSS | 6.74 | 89.10 (77.51,100.00) | 12.82 (0.10,26.59) | 1.68 (-1.95,5.31) | 3.07 (0.14,6.00) | 0.92 (1.07,2.90) |
CSMBS | 6.53 | 87.17 (78.95,95.39) | 14.85 (3.01,26.69) | 0.88 (-0.90,2.67) | 1.84 (0.88,4.55) | 1.82 (0.76,4.41) |
Others | 3.75 | 54.08 (37.49,72.11) | 36.05 (17.65,55.35) | 0.00 (0.00,0.00) | 2.89 (1.22,7.00) | 6.48 (0.14,12.81) |