Table 4 Cross-tabulation of social capital components and economic hardships for total, urban and rural respondents (%)
Economic hardships | χ2 | df | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No | Yes | ||||
Total | |||||
Low neighborhood cohesion | |||||
No | 60.90 | 60.80 | 0.00 | 1 | 1.000 |
Yes | 39.10 | 39.20 | |||
Low bridging trust | |||||
No | 59.10 | 62.20 | 1.78 | 1 | 0.197 |
Yes | 40.90 | 37.80 | |||
Low bonding trust | |||||
No | 61.90 | 62.20 | 0.02 | 1 | 0.920 |
Yes | 38.10 | 37.80 | |||
Low social participation | |||||
No | 28.30 | 13.30 | 49.48 | 1 | < 0.001 |
Yes | 71.70 | 86.70 | |||
Urban | |||||
Low neighborhood cohesion | |||||
No | 57.70 | 61.30 | 0.597 | 1 | 0.499 |
Yes | 42.30 | 38.70 | |||
Low bridging trust | |||||
No | 57.20 | 66.40 | 3.786 | 1 | 0.054 |
Yes | 42.80 | 33.60 | |||
Low bonding trust | |||||
No | 62.10 | 63.00 | 0.042 | 1 | 0.922 |
Yes | 37.90 | 37.00 | |||
Low social participation | |||||
No | 36.50 | 21.00 | 11.55 | 1 | 0.001 |
Yes | 63.50 | 79.00 | |||
Rural | |||||
Low neighborhood cohesion | |||||
No | 64.50 | 60.70 | 1.84 | 1 | 0.182 |
Yes | 35.50 | 39.30 | |||
Low bridging trust | |||||
No | 61.10 | 60.90 | 0.004 | 1 | 0.952 |
Yes | 38.90 | 39.10 | |||
Low bonding trust | |||||
No | 61.70 | 62.00 | 0.009 | 1 | 0.952 |
Yes | 38.30 | 38.00 | |||
Low social participation | |||||
No | 19.00 | 10.80 | 13.88 | 1 | < 0.000 |
Yes | 81.00 | 89.20 | |||