Inequalities in cognitive impairment among older adults in China and the associated social determinants: a decomposition approach

Table 1 Descriptive statistics of the study population of non-cognitive impairment vs. cognitive impairment.

Variable	Prevalence of non- cognitive impairment (n = 8556)		Prevalence of cognitive impairment (n = 2000)		χ²
Variable	n	%	n	%	χ²
Demographic factors
Sex					162.049***
Male	4083	86.45	640	13.55
Female	4473	76.68	1360	23.32
Age (years old)					1696.464***
65 ~ 74	2390	98.43	38	1.57
75 ~ 84	2788	94.80	153	5.20
≥ 85	3378	65.12	1809	34.88
Marital status					781.131***
Separated/divorced/widowed/never married	4386	71.94	1711	28.06
Currently married and living with a spouse	4170	93.52	289	6.48
Residential area					1.269
Urban/Town	4799	81.44	1094	18.56
Rural	3757	80.57	906	19.43
Socioeconomic status
Education level					514.650***
No schooling	3675	72.10	1422	27.90
Primary school	3103	89.19	376	10.81
Middle school or more	1778	89.80	202	10.20
Occupation					44.838***
non-white-collar	7486	80.13	1856	19.87
white-collar	1070	88.14	144	11.86
Economic status (quintile)					18.861**
1 (poorest)	1696	80.34	415	19.66
2	1683	79.73	428	20.27
3	1687	79.88	425	20.12
4	1712	81.10	399	18.90
5 (richest)	1778	84.23	333	15.77
Social support
Emotional support					933.919***
Nobody	122	53.51	106	46.49
Relatives/friends/neighbors and others	1164	87.85	161	12.15
Children	3666	70.83	1510	29.17
Spouse	3604	94.17	223	5.83
Financial support					24.983***
No	2320	78.01	654	21.99
Yes	6236	82.25	1346	17.75
Living arrangement					61.264***
Alone	1412	86.52	220	13.48
In an institution	189	68.73	86	31.27
With household member(s)	6955	80.41	1694	19.59
Social participation
Organized activities					1.066
No	7366	81.21	1704	18.79
Yes	1190	80.08	296	19.92
Informal activities					11.444**
No	3147	79.39	817	20.61
Yes	5399	81.90	1193	18.10

ISSN: 1475-9276