Changes in catastrophic health expenditure in post-conflict Sierra Leone: an Oaxaca-blinder decomposition analysis

Edoka, Ijeoma; McPake, Barbara; Ensor, Tim; Amara, Rogers; Edem-Hotah, Joseph

doi:10.1186/s12939-017-0661-4

International Journal for Equity in Health

Table 5 Robustness check- Decomposing 2011–2003 change in catastrophic health expenditure at different thresholds

From: Changes in catastrophic health expenditure in post-conflict Sierra Leone: an Oaxaca-blinder decomposition analysis

	5%	10%	15%	20%	25%
2011	43.5^***	32.0^***	24.1^***	17.8^***	13.4^***
2003	66.1^***	50.1^***	38.5^***	30.7^***	24.5^***
CHE gap	−22.6^***	−18.1^***	−14.4^***	−12.9^***	−11.1^***
Distributional Effect	−15.3^***	−14.0^***	−10.9^***	−8.60^***	−6.11^***
Coefficient Effect	−9.75^***	−6.65^***	−4.98^**	−4.73^**	−5.45^***
Interaction	2.47	2.56	1.48	0.393	0.445
Detailed Decomposition: Distributional Effect
Below median expenditure	−0.454	−0.61	−0.585	−0.438	−0.253
Married	0.136	0.194	0.288	0.187	0.151
Age (years)	0.247	−0.509	0.412	0.51	0.133
Age squared	−0.0951	0.356	−0.471	−0.252	0.0814
Male	−0.119	0.0966	0.32	0.342	0.186
Muslim	0.0933	0.201	0.0754	0.0157	−0.0726
No education	−0.0405	−0.00354	−0.0333	0.00378	−0.0149
Unemployed adults	−0.348	−0.355	−0.236	−0.42	−0.214
Rural area	−0.328	0.0404	0.0175	0.00533	−0.0432
Region	−0.528	−1.14^**	−1.36^***	−2.05^***	−1.81^***
Log household size	−0.456	−0.42	−0.267	−0.399	−0.376
Children under 5 years	0.249	0.24	0.182	0.266	0.369
Adults over 65 years	−0.0913	−0.0672	−0.00296	−0.0669	−0.0438
Ill health	−12.7^***	−10.5^***	−7.45^***	−5.08^***	−3.13^***
Formal Public	0.133	0.234	0.304	0.31	0.307
Formal NGO & Missionary	−0.281^**	−0.384^**	−0.540^***	−0.481^**	−0.411^**
Formal Private	−1.06^***	−2.01^***	−2.42^***	−2.07^***	−2.08^***
Informal Private	0.166^†	0.240^†	0.336^**	0.371^**	0.393^**
Public Hospital	0.123	0.314^†	0.411^†	0.501^**	0.567^**
Private Hospital	0.00152	0.0613	0.116	0.143	0.162
Detailed Decomposition: Coefficient Effect
Below median expenditure	−2.49	−1.91	−3.37^†	−2.98	−2.34
Married	−4.47	−7.56^†	−10.5^***	−9.43^**	−6.91^†
Age (years)	−17.5	−33.6	−9.07	1.53	1.35
Age squared	11.7	17.1	3.92	5.74	4.25
Male	−2.97	2.61	6.48^†	7.20^†	4.43
Muslim	−0.752	−2.63	−0.746	0.183	1.02
No education	4.61	0.904	1.84	−1.61	0.904
Unemployed adults	−0486	1.17	1.62	2.42^†	1.7
Rural area	4.97^**	0.129	1.19	2.22	2.5
Region	0.567	1.25^**	1.03^**	1.08^**	0.986^**
Log household size	−1.8	−2.9	2.96	−9.90^†	−14.0^***
Children under 5 years	1.9	−0.0574	−0.271	0.455	0.701
Adults over 65 years	−0.226	−0.0172	0.76	−0.132	0.449
Ill health	−9.57^***	−6.96^**	−1.97	0.897	1.22
Formal Public	3.84^***	2.35^***	−0.316	−1.05	−1.48
Formal NGO & Missionary	0.637^**	0.741^**	0.405	0.497	0.635^†
Formal Private	2.73^***	1.02	−1.13	−1.28	−1.74^†
Informal Private	0.00682	−0.0502	−0.307	−0.475^**	−0.587^***
Public Hospital	0.331^**	0.189	0.0993	−0.072	−0.112
Private Hospital	−0.0407	−0.131^†	−0.183^**	−0.199^**	−0.214^**
Constant	−0.724	21.8	2.59	0.174	1.77
Observations	4686	4686	4686	4686	4686

^† p < 0.1, ^** p < 0.05, ^*** p < 0.01

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