Table 2 Characteristics of all births and CS deliveries in each period and linear trends, Moshi urban and rural districts

Referral status

Medically referred

14% (32%)

11% (17%)

9% (12%)

<0.001 (<0.001)

26% (44%)

30% (41%)

34% (39%)

<0.001 (0.096)

Not referred

86% (68%)

89% (83%)

91% (88%)

74% (56%)

70% (59%)

66% (61%)

Father´s education level

No/primary education

51% (55%)

40% (44%)

32% (33%)

<0.001 (<0.001)

64% (70%)

60% (69%)

50%(55%)

<0.001 (<0.001)

Sec/higher education

49% (45%)

60% (56%)

68% (67%)

36% (30%)

40% (31%)

50% (45%)

Mother´s education level

No/primary education

63% (65%)

54% (55%)

42% (43%)

<0.001 (<0.001)

76% (80%)

69% (77%)

57% (61%)

<0.001 (<0.001)

Sec/higher education

37% (35%)

46% (45%)

58% (57%)

24% (20%)

31% (23%)

43% (39%)

Mother´s marital status

Married

89% (89%)

88% (89%)

86% (88%)

<0.001 (<0.481)

89% (89%)

87% (88%)

84% (84%)

<0.001 (0.002)

Single

11% (11%)

12% (11%)

14% (12%)

11% (11%)

13% (12%)

16% (16%)

Mother´s tribe

Chagga

57% (51%)

55% (52%)

53% (53%)

<0.001 (0.228)

68% (60%)

64% (58%)

61% (54%)

<0.001 (0.015)

Pare

11% (12%)

11% (12%)

12% (13%)

11% (14%)

10% (14%)

11% (13%)

Other

32% (37%)

34% (36%)

35% (34%)

21% (26%)

26% (28%)

28% (33%)

Mother´s age

13-17y

3% (3%)

2% (2%)

2% (1%)

<0.001 (<0.001)

3% (3%)

3% (3%)

2% (2%)

<0.001 (0.002)

18-25y

42% (40%)

37% (31%)

35% (29%)

42% (43%)

37% (34%)

39% (37%)

26-35y

47% (49%)

52% (55%)

52% (56%)

43% (43%)

46% (49%)

47% (47%)

36-47y

8% (8%)

9%(12%)

11% (14%)

11% (11%)

14% (14%)

12% (14%)

Mother´s parity

1

39% (39%)

43% (39%)

42% (37%)

<0.001 (0.653)

37% (34%)

37% (31%)

42% (40%)

<0.001 (0.116)

2-3

46% (48%)

46% (49%)

49% (51%)

42% (47%)

43% (49%)

42% (43%)

4-6

14% (13%)

11% (12%)

9% (11%)

19% (17%)

18% (20%)

15% (17%)

7+

1.1% (0.5%)

0.3% (0.4%)

0.3% (0.1%)

2.5% (2.4%)

1.7% (1.3%)

1.2% (0.6%)