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Table 3 Decomposition of income-related inequalities in cardiovascular risk factors in women aged 40- and 50-years old in 2008-2010 in Northern Sweden (N=5262)

From: Decomposition of gendered income-related inequalities in multiple biological cardiovascular risk factors in a middle-aged population

 

BMI

Abdominal Obesity

Cholesterol

Triglycerides

Hyperglycemia

Blood pressure

HDL levels

LDL levels

Cont to C

Adj %

Cont to C

Adj %

Cont to C

Adj %

Cont to C

Adj %

Cont to C

Adj %

Cont to C

Adj %

Cont to C

Adj %

Cont to C

Adj %

Demographic variables

                

 Age

0.0005

0.0

0.0133

0.0

0.0545

0.0

0.0137

0.0

0.0090

0.0

0.0537

0.0

-0.0187

10.4

0.0544

0.0

  40 yrs

                

  50 yrs

0.0005

 

0.0133

 

0.0545

 

0.0137

 

0.0090

 

0.0537

 

-0.0187

10.4

0.0544

 

 Year of participation

0.0045

0.3

0.0030

0.2

0.0106

1.0

0.0012

0.6

0.0004

0.3

0.0006

0.0

-0.0179

12.4

0.0024

0.4

  2008

                

  2009

-0.0007

0.3

-0.0002

0.2

-0.0012

1.0

-0.0011

0.6

-0.0003

0.3

0.0003

 

0.0044

 

-0.0006

0.4

  2010

0.0051

 

0.0033

 

0.0118

 

0.0023

 

0.0007

 

0.0003

 

-0.0223

12.4

0.0030

 

 Subtotal

0.0050

0.3

0.0163

0.2

0.0651

1.0

0.0149

0.6

0.0094

0.3

0.0543

0.0

-0.0366

22.8

0.0568

0.4

Socioeconomic conditions

               

Total earned income

-0.1007

49.4

-0.0544

47.3

-0.0373

30.6

-0.0791

40.7

-0.0189

30.3

0.0119

13.0

-0.0413

23.0

-0.0765

49.1

 Lowest quintile

-0.0687

33.7

-0.0499

36.9

-0.0305

24.9

-0.0622

32.0

-0.0221

19.1

0.0185

 

-0.0361

20.1

-0.0499

32.1

 2

-0.0276

13.5

-0.0140

10.4

-0.0019

1.5

-0.0135

7.0

-0.0128

11.1

0.0107

 

-0.0044

2.4

-0.0139

8.9

 3

0.0000

 

0.0000

 

0.0000

 

0.0000

0.0

-0.0001

0.1

0.0000

 

0.0000

 

0.0001

 

 4

-0.0045

2.2

0.0095

 

-0.0050

4.1

-0.0034

1.7

0.0160

 

-0.0172

13.0

-0.0008

0.5

-0.0127

8.1

 Highest quintile

                

Education level

-0.0193

12.1

-0.0188

15.8

-0.0450

41.0

-0.0559

32.0

-0.0088

7.8

-0.0048

6.4

-0.0401

24.3

-0.0405

26.3

 Compulsory education up to 9 yrs

-0.0069

3.4

-0.0058

4.3

-0.0107

8.7

-0.0197

10.1

-0.0006

0.5

-0.0058

4.4

-0.0156

8.7

-0.0099

6.4

 Secondary education up to 2 yrs

-0.0147

7.2

-0.0146

10.8

-0.0351

28.7

-0.0382

19.6

-0.0080

7.0

-0.0018

1.3

-0.0231

12.9

-0.0274

17.6

 Secondary education 3 yrs

-0.0031

1.5

-0.0010

0.7

-0.0043

3.5

-0.0044

2.3

0.0002

 

-0.0010

0.7

-0.0049

2.7

-0.0037

2.4

 Post-secondary less than 3 yrs

0.0054

 

0.0025

 

0.0051

 

0.0063

 

-0.0004

0.4

0.0037

 

0.0035

 

0.0006

 

 Post-secondary 3 yrs or more and postgraduate

                

Occupation

-0.0201

9.8

-0.0164

12.2

0.0145

4.1

0.0007

3.4

-0.0219

19.2

-0.0583

47.3

-0.0128

7.6

0.0025

2.3

 Managers & Upper professionals

                

 Middle non-manual

-0.0015

0.7

-0.0006

0.5

-0.0051

4.1

-0.0033

1.7

0.0002

 

0.0041

 

0.0008

 

-0.0025

1.6

 Lower non-manual

-0.0007

0.3

0.0001

 

0.0006

 

-0.0032

1.6

-0.0008

0.7

-0.0019

1.4

-0.0033

1.8

0.0016

 

 Skilled manual

-0.0069

3.4

-0.0105

7.8

0.0178

 

0.0022

 

-0.0085

7.4

-0.0389

29.4

-0.0057

3.2

-0.0011

0.7

 Unskilled manual

-0.0110

5.4

-0.0054

4.0

0.0012

 

0.0050

 

-0.0128

11.1

-0.0217

16.4

-0.0046

2.5

0.0044

 

Immigrant status

-0.0005

0.2

0.0014

 

-0.0004

0.3

-0.0012

0.6

-0.0066

5.8

0.0069

 

0.0001

 

0.0014

 

Subtotal

-0.1406

71.6

-0.0882

75.3

-0.0682

76.0

-0.1356

76.7

-0.0563

63.1

-0.0444

66.7

-0.0940

54.8

-0.1130

77.7

Family conditions

                

Civil status

-0.0045

2.2

-0.0013

1.1

0.0003

0.5

0.0006

0.1

-0.0027

2.4

-0.0032

2.5

-0.0008

0.6

-0.0005

0.5

 Unmarried

                

 Married

-0.0041

2.0

-0.0011

0.8

0.0010

 

0.0009

 

-0.0023

2.0

-0.0029

2.2

-0.0005

0.3

0.0003

 

 Divorced

-0.0004

0.2

-0.0004

0.3

-0.0001

0.1

0.0000

0.0

-0.0003

0.3

-0.0003

0.2

0.0003

 

-0.0004

0.2

 Widowed

0.0000

0.0

0.0002

 

-0.0006

0.5

-0.0002

0.1

-0.0001

0.1

0.0000

0.0

-0.0005

0.3

-0.0004

0.3

Children in household

0.0026

 

0.0007

 

0.0047

 

0.0042

 

0.0019

 

0.0020

 

0.0006

 

0.0046

 

Subtotal

-0.0019

2.2

-0.0006

1.1

0.0050

0.5

0.0048

0.1

-0.0008

2.4

-0.0012

2.5

-0.0002

0.6

0.0041

0.5

Geographical area

                

 Coastal with hospital

                

 Coastal without hospital

-0.0061

3.0

-0.0039

2.9

-0.0028

2.3

-0.0001

0.0

0.0024

 

0.0008

 

-0.0037

2.0

-0.0046

3.0

 Inland with hospital

-0.0007

0.3

-0.0001

0.1

-0.0008

0.7

-0.0004

0.2

0.0002

 

-0.0023

1.7

0.0001

 

-0.0006

0.4

 Inland without hospital

-0.0051

2.5

-0.0019

1.4

-0.0088

7.2

-0.0054

2.8

0.0033

 

-0.0024

1.8

-0.0004

0.2

-0.0025

1.6

 Other

0.0003

 

-0.0002

0.2

-0.0003

0.2

-0.0004

0.2

-0.0008

0.7

0.0003

 

-0.0002

0.1

-0.0011

0.7

Subtotal

-0.0116

5.8

-0.0061

4.5

-0.0127

10.4

-0.0063

3.2

0.0051

0.7

-0.0035

3.5

-0.0042

2.4

-0.0088

5.6

Behavioural factors

                

Physical activity

-0.0333

16.3

-0.0199

14.7

-0.0108

8.9

-0.0165

8.5

-0.0209

18.1

-0.0146

11.1

-0.0177

9.8

-0.0056

3.6

 Sedentary

-0.0187

9.2

-0.0099

7.3

-0.0064

5.2

-0.0097

5.0

-0.0148

12.9

-0.0088

6.7

-0.0113

6.3

-0.0021

1.4

 Moderate activity

-0.0147

7.2

-0.0100

7.4

-0.0044

3.6

-0.0068

3.5

-0.0060

5.2

-0.0058

4.4

-0.0064

3.5

-0.0034

2.2

 Physically active

                

Smoking

-0.0004

0.3

-0.0005

0.5

-0.0025

2.3

-0.0101

5.3

-0.0026

2.3

0.0023

0.0

-0.0044

2.7

-0.0038

2.7

 Never smoked

                

 Former smokers

0.0001

 

0.0003

 

0.0003

 

0.0002

 

0.0001

 

0.0000

 

0.0005

 

0.0004

 

 Current smokers

-0.0005

0.3

-0.0007

0.5

-0.0028

2.3

-0.0102

5.3

-0.0027

2.3

0.0023

 

-0.0049

2.7

-0.0041

2.7

Snus

0.0006

0.0

0.0001

0.0

-0.0004

0.4

0.0002

0.0

0.0003

0.0

0.0004

0.2

0.0004

0.0

-0.0003

0.2

 Never used

                

 Former users

0.0004

 

0.0001

 

-0.0004

0.3

0.0002

 

0.0001

 

-0.0003

0.2

0.0000

 

-0.0003

0.2

 Current users

0.0002

 

0.0000

 

-0.0001

0.0

-0.0001

0.0

0.0001

 

0.0007

 

0.0003

 

0.0000

0.0

Alcohol disorder test

0.0000

0.0

0.0002

0.0

0.0000

0.0

0.0010

0.0

0.0004

0.0

0.0009

0.0

-0.0008

0.5

-0.0006

0.4

 Not at risk

                

 Probably risk alcohol consumption

-0.0001

0.0

0.0002

 

0.0000

0.0

0.0009

 

0.0002

 

0.0009

 

-0.0008

0.5

-0.0006

0.4

 Probably alcohol dependence

0.0000

 

0.0000

 

0.0000

 

0.0001

 

0.0002

 

0.0000

0.0

0.0000

0.0

0.0000

0.0

Subtotal

-0.0331

16.6

-0.0201

15.3

-0.0138

11.5

-0.0254

13.8

-0.0228

20.5

-0.0110

11.3

-0.0225

13.0

-0.0103

6.9

Psychosocial factors

                

Availability of social interaction

0.0094

 

0.0017

 

-0.0008

0.6

-0.0057

2.9

-0.0105

9.1

-0.0065

4.9

-0.0015

0.8

-0.0040

2.6

Availability of attachment

-0.0016

0.8

-0.0018

1.3

0.0008

 

0.0059

 

0.0112

 

-0.0035

2.7

0.0019

 

0.0007

 

Job strain

-0.0027

2.7

-0.0014

2.3

0.0142

0.0

0.0052

2.6

-0.0030

3.9

-0.0017

8.4

0.0049

5.5

0.0075

6.3

 Low strain

                

 Passive

0.0025

 

0.0011

 

0.0063

 

-0.0049

2.5

-0.0037

3.2

0.0061

 

0.0101

 

0.0159

 

 Active

-0.0054

2.7

-0.0031

2.3

0.0074

 

0.0102

 

0.0016

 

-0.0111

8.4

-0.0100

5.5

-0.0098

6.3

 High strain

0.0002

 

0.0006

 

0.0005

 

-0.0001

0.1

-0.0008

0.7

0.0034

 

0.0047

 

0.0014

 

Subtotal

0.0052

3.4

-0.0015

3.6

0.0142

0.6

0.0053

5.5

-0.0023

13.1

-0.0116

16.0

0.0053

6.4

0.0041

8.9

Inequality (total)

-0.1850

 

-0.1421

 

-0.0767

 

-0.1683

 

-0.0876

 

-0.0021

 

-0.1479

 

-0.1410

 

 Standard error

0.0192

 

0.0148

 

0.0266

 

0.0215

 

0.0205

 

0.0237

 

0.0208

 

0.0352

 

 Residual

-0.0080

 

-0.0419

 

-0.0664

 

-0.0261

 

-0.0199

 

0.0153

 

0.0043

 

-0.0739

 
  1. BMI Body Mass Index, LDL Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, HDL High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, Cont to C Contribution to C, Adj % Adjusted percentage. Bold numbers indicate relative contribution per variable; relative contribution per group of variables (Subtotal); and significant (p<0.05) concentration indices (Inequality (total)