Table 1 Quantitative studies: Geographical and methodological characteristics of selected articles (n=16)
From: Determinants of intra-household food allocation between adults in South Asia – a systematic review
Author | Year | Study method | Sample size | Sample characteristics | Analysis method | Determinant | IHFA outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bangladesh (n = 5) | |||||||
Abdullah and Wheeler [65] | 1985 | Longitudinal 4x 3 day WFR | 53 HH | Rural Muslim households with at least one child under 5 years, from one village. Men and non-pregnant, non-lactating women (age not specified) | Analysis of variance | Season (March to July vs September to December) | RDEAR = Relative Dietary Energy Adequacy Ratio (individual calorie intake as a proportion of body weight / adult male calorie intake as a proportion of body weight) |
Bouis and Novenario-Reese [69] | 1997 | Longitudinal 2x 1 day WFR | 590 HH | Households from 8 rural thanas. Men and women aged >18 years (average age 39 and 35 years respectively) | Regression (coefficients not reported) | • Occupation (farmer or agricultural labourer) • Age and education of head of household • Land ownership | FS/ES = Ratio between ‘food share’ (FS), proportion of total household food that a person consumed, and ‘energy share’ (ES), proportion of household calories that an individual consumed. |
Kumar and Bhattarai [61] | 1993 | Longitudinal 3x 1 day WFR | 300 HH | Households from 8 villages in 4 districts. Men and women aged >18 years | Multivariate analysis (more detail not given; results described but effect size not reported) | Household caloric adequacy | Calorie ‘adequacy’ (Intakes / Requirements) |
Pitt, Rosenzweig and Hassan [32] | 1990 | Longitudinal 1x 1 day WFR in 335 HH; 4x 1 day WFR in 50 HH | 385 HH | Bengali households from 15 villages (excludes hill tribes). Men and women aged ≥12 years. | Linear regression coefficient | Health endowments | Calorie intake |
Tetens et al. [72] | 2003 | Longitudinal 2x 1 day WFR | 304 HH | Two rural villages in lean and peak seasons. Men and women aged 18 to <30, 30 to <60, and ≥60. | Analysis of variance | • Season (lean vs peak season) • Village • Socio-economic status | Calorie intake |
India (n = 8) | |||||||
Aurino [37] | 2016 | Longitudinal 2x 1 day survey (older cohort only) | 976 HH | 20 clusters, with over-sampling in disadvantaged areas. >90% Hindu, and 8% female headed households. Older cohort of boys and girls includes adolescents aged 15 years. | Linear regression coefficient | • Puberty (growth) • School enrolment • Time use • Number of meals • Physical activity | Dietary Diversity Score by gender |
Babu, Thirumaran and Mohanam [62] | 1993 | Longitudinal 6x 3 day WFR | 120 HH | 1 rural village in peak and lean seasons. Sample includes non-agricultural workers (mainly silk weavers), agricultural labourers, and land owning subsistence or ‘market-oriented’ cultivators. Men and women (age not specified) | Descriptive comparisons | • Season • Occupation (subsistence, market-oriented, non-agricultural, and agricultural labourer households) | RDEAR = Relative Dietary Energy Adequacy Ratio (Individual calorie intake as a proportion of individual requirements / Adult male intake as a proportion of his requirements); RDPAR = Relative Dietary Protein Adequacy Ratio (Individual protein intake as a proportion of requirements / Adult male intake as a proportion of his requirements) |
Barker et al. [45] | 2006 | Cross-sectional 1x 1 day survey | 101 HH | 1 rural village, mostly cash crop farmers. Selected households containing a minimum of: husband and wife (age not specified), plus son and daughter both aged 3 to 8 years. | Principal component analysis | • Farm work, household chores | Oil intake (g), and frequency of snacking, fasting, and missing meals |
Basu et al. [67] | 1986 | Cross-sectional 1x 1 day 24h | 219 HH | Households from West Bengal, with men and women aged > 18 years. | Analysis of variance | • Rural vs urban • Occupation (agriculturalist vs plantation worker) • Religion • Ethnicity • Microeconomic subgroups | EI-ER (Energy intake - Energy requirements), and age-sex groups ranked in order of EI-ER |
Behrman and Deolalikar [63] | 1990 | Longitudinal 4x 1 day 24h | 2 rounds of 120 HH | Three rural villages. Sampling stratified to include landless agricultural labourers and landowning cultivators. Men and women (age group not specified) | Linear regression coefficient | Food price elasticities | NAR = Nutrient adequacy ratio (Nutrient intakes / Requirements) |
Brahmam, Sastry and Rao [66] | 1988 | Cross-sectional 1x 1 day 24h | 1878 HH | 10 Indian states, selected households with at least one member of preschool age. | Descriptive comparison for adults | Household calorie adequacy (based on intakes of all respondents within the household) | Calorie adequacy (‘adequate’ = Calorie intake ≥ 70% Recommended Daily Intakes) |
Chakrabarty [73] | 1996 | Longitudinal 2x 2 day 24h | 221 HH | Three groups (high caste, Scheduled Tribe, Scheduled Caste) in West Bengal. Sampled nuclear families with both parents alive, non-working women (for high caste) and working women (for Scheduled Tribe). | t-test | Availability of food (lean vs peak season) | Cereal intake – Recommended cereal intakes for a balanced diet |
Harriss-White [27] | 1991 | Longitudinal 4x 1 day 24h | 176 HH | Six villages in central and southern India. Men and women (age not specified) | t-test | • Season • Region • Land holding vs landless | RI = Relative calorie intakes (Individual intakes / Adult male intakes) |
Nepal (n = 1) | |||||||
Gittelsohn [9] | 1991 | Cross-sectional 1x 1 day 24h & observation | 115 HH | Six villages in Western hills. Men and women aged 18-24, 25-49, and ≥50 | Correlation | Food serving habits, including serving order, asking for food, having second helpings, substituting foods, and channelling foods. | FQS = Food quantity score (individual consumption as a proportion of total household consumption / Individual body weight as a proportion of total household body weight) |
Pakistan (n = 1) | |||||||
Government of Pakistan [38] | 1979 | Cross-sectional 1x 24h | 975 HH | Male head of household, plus woman of childbearing age (preferably pregnant or lactating) and all children aged under 3 years. | Linear regression (coefficients not reported) | • Education • Region • Household size • Income | Individual intake / Household intake (calories, protein, iron and vitamin A) |
Sri Lanka (n = 1) | |||||||
Rathnayake and Weerahewa [30] | 2002 | Cross-sectional 1x 24h | 60 HH | Households from lower income group in urban Kandy. Fathers and mothers (age not specified) | Linear regression coefficient and t-test | • Mother’s income • Mother’s education • Ethnicity • Family size | RCA = Relative calorie allocation (calorie intake as a proportion of recommended allowance / Household intake as a proportion of household allowance) |