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Table 4 Characteristics in high and low levels of internalized homophobia for gay and bisexual men (N = 435)

From: Internalized homophobia, mental health, sexual behaviors, and outness of gay/bisexual men from Southwest China

 

Gay N(%)

Bisexual N(%)

Low IH (N = 190)

High IH (N = 136)

Low IH (N = 29)

High IH (N = 80)

Socio-demographics

 Age

  18–24 years old

119(62.6)

84(61.8)

21(72.4)

52(65.0)

   ≥ 25 years old

71(37.4)

52(38.2)

8(27.6)

21(35.0)

 Highest education

  < College

54(28.4)

39(28.7)

10(34.5)

26(32.5)

 College or more

136(71.6)

97(71.3)

19(65.5)

54(67.5)

 Occupation

  Earning a job

174(91.6)

122(89.7)

27(93.1)

75(93.8)

  Not earning a job

16(8.4)

14(10.3)

2(6.9)

5(6.2)

 Monthly salary

   < ¥2,000/$323

93(48.9)

56(41.2)

16(55.2)

36(45.0)

   > ¥2,000/$323

97(51.1)

80(58.8)

13(44.8)

44(55.0)

 Relationship status

  Woman

6(3.2)

12(8.8)

6(20.7)

20(25.0)

  Man

68(35.8)

34(25.0)

4(13.8)

8(10.0)

  Single

116(61.1)

90(66.2)

19(65.5)

52(65.0)

Psychological distress

 Total K6 score (Mean, SD)

13.3(5.3)

15.6(5.8)

12.7(5.1)

13.7(5.2)

Disclosure status

 To other people (Yes)

119(62.6)

40(29.4)

11(37.9)

16(20.0)

 To parents (Yes)

54(28.4)

14(10.3)

6(20.7)

12(15.0)

Sexual compulsivity (Mean, SD)

20.8(6.0)

24.2(6.0)

21.5(6.4)

22.3(6.5)

Sexual attraction (Mean, SD)

 To male

4.7(0.6)

4.5(0.6)

4.3(0.6)

4.1(0.7)

 To female

1.8(0.9)

2.2(0.9)

3.1(0.6)

3.3(0.7)

Transactional sex in past 6 months

 No

183(96.3)

124(91.2)

28(96.6)

70(87.5)

 Yes

7(3.7)

12(8.8)

1(3.4)

10(12.5)

Had > 1 male sex partners in past 6 months

 No

83(43.7)

48(35.3)

11(37.9)

34(42.5)

 Yes

107(56.3)

88(64.7)

18(62.1)

46(57.5)

Had > 0 female sex partners in past 6 months

 No

182(95.8)

121(89.0)

19(65.5)

45(56.2)

 Yes

8(4.2)

15(11.0)

10(34.5)

35(43.8)

Condomless sex

 Male (Yes)

103(54.2)

75(55.1)

16(55.2)

44(55.0)

 female (Yes)

15(7.9)

22(16.2)

6(20.7)

29(36.2)

Substance use

 Alcohol (Yes)

88(46.3)

63(46.3)

20(69.0)

34(42.5)

 Methamphetamine (Yes)

12(6.3)

12(8.8)

2(6.9)

4(5.0)

 Rush proper (Yes)

49(25.8)

40(29.4)

7(24.1)

22(27.5)

  1. IH internalized homophobia