Skip to main content

Table 3 Pattern of catastrophic health expenditure and impoverishment of households

From: Socioeconomic inequalities in catastrophic health expenditure and impoverishment associated with non-communicable diseases in urban Hanoi, Vietnam

 

Overall

Household with at least one member with NCDs

Household without any member with NCDs

P-valuea

Catastrophic health expenditure, %

 Slum areas

10.0

20.7

6.6

<0.001

 Non-slum areas

6.6

10.5

4.5

<0.01

     P-valueb

0.05

0.01

0.20

 

Impoverishment, %

 Slum areas

5.1

10.3

3.5

<0.01

 Non-slum areas

1.5

1.6

1.5

0.94c

     P-valueb

<0.01

<0.01

0.09

 
  1. NCDs non-communicable diseases
  2. aχ2 test to compare between households with at least one member with and without NCDs
  3. bχ2 test to compare between households in slum and non-slum areas
  4. cFisher’s exact test