Adolescent health and adaptation in Canada: examination of gender and age aspects of the healthy immigrant effect

Table 1 Demographic measures for immigrant versus non-immigrant adolescents divided by gender

Measures (range)	Gender	Immigrants (N = 920)		Non-immigrants (N = 13572)		F-test (p < .05)
		M (SD)	N	M (SD)	N
Age (12-19)	female	15.52 (2.19)	412	15.46 (2.15)	6742	I > NI F ≈ M
	male	15.76 (2.16)	508	15.42 (2.14)	6830	no INT
Visible minority (0 or 1)	female	73 (%) (.44)	404	18 (%) (.39)	6473	I > NI F ≈ M
	male	69 (%) (.46)	500	18 (%) (.38)	6579	no INT
Household income (1-4)	female	3.03 (1.44)	316	3.69 (1.37)	5005	I < NI F < M
	male	3.28 (1.36)	362	3.78 (1.33)	5203	no INT
Household size (1-5)	female	3.84 (.96)	412	3.71 (.95)	6738	I > NI F ≈ M
	male	3.80 (.99)	508	3.74 (.95)	6826	no INT
Presence of a parent (0 or 1)	female	77 (%) (.42)	404	78 (%) (.41)	6607	I ≈ NI F ≈ M
	male	76 (%) (.43)	502	77 (%) (.42)	6692	no INT

(Source: Data from the Canadian Community Health Survey, 2007).
Notes:
(1) Visible Minority: 0 indicates white Caucasians; 1 indicates non-whites.
(2) Household Income: 1 = $0-$19,999, 2 = $20,000-$39,999, 3 = $40,000-$59,999, 4 = $60,000-$79,999, 5 = $80,000 or more.
(3) Household Size: 1 = 1 person, 2 = 2 persons, 3 = 3 persons, 4 = 4 persons, 5 = 5 or more persons.
(4) Presence of a Parent: 0 indicates without a parent; 1 indicates with a parent.
(5) I = immigrants, NI = non-immigrants; < or > means significant differences; ≈ means no differences.

ISSN: 1475-9276