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Table 3 Kakwani's Indices under Three Set of Incidence Assumptions on Unallocated Revenue

From: Equity in health care financing: The case of Malaysia

Finance sources

Kakwani by source

Weighted Kakwani's index

Uncertainty interval

  

Case 1

Case 2

Case 3

 

Direct taxes

0.3952

0.1474

0.1289

0.0723

± 0.10

Indirect taxes

-0.0779

-0.0179

-0.0216

-0.0121

± 0.05

Contributions to EPF and SOCSO

0.0811

0.0004

0.0004

0.0010

± 0.05

Private insurance premiums

0.2934

0.0857

0.0857

0.1420

± 0.10

Out-of-pocket payments

0.1043

0.0010

0.0104

0.0172

± 0.05

Kakwani's indices for total health finance

-

0.2166

0.2038

0.2204

± 0.01