Table 3 Descriptive statistics for individual-level variables used in final analysis

Age (Mean (S.D.), years)

30.09 (14.36)

52.38 (12.31)

47.26 (14.64)

Gender

   Male

1,031 (56.56%)

1,355 (46.61%)

2,386 (50.44%)

   ^a Female

792 (43.44%)

1,552 (53.39%)

2,344 (49.56%)

Social class

   High

855 (46.90%)

978 (33.64%)

1,833 (38.75%)

   ^a Low

968 (53.10%)

1,929 (66.36%)

2,897 (61.25%)

Employment status

   Employed

1,387 (76.08%)

2,324 (79.94%)

3,711 (78.46%)

   ^a Not employed

436 (23.92%)

583 (20.06%)

1,019 (21.54%)

Educational attainment

   ^a High school or below

386 (21.17%)

825 (28.38%)

1,211 (25.60%)

   College or university equivalent degree

1,000 (54.85%)

1,683 (57.89%)

2,683 (56.72%)

   Graduate school

437 (23.97%)

399 (13.73%)

836 (17.67%)

Marital status

   ^a Single

883 (48.44%)

361 (12.42%)

1,244 (26.30%)

   Married

886 (48.60%)

2,230 (76.71%)

3,116 (65.88%)

   Widowed/divorced/separated

54 (2.96%)

316 (10.87%)

370 (7.82%)

Smoking

   Yes

545 (29.90%)

591 (20.33%)

1,136 (24.02%)

   ^aNo

1,278 (70.10%)

2,316 (79.67%)

3,594 (75.98%)

Drinking

   Heavy

85 (4.66%)

261 (8.98%)

346 (7.32%)

   Sometimes

1,274 (69.88%)

1,026 (35.29%)

2,300 (48.63%)

   ^aNo

464 (25.45%)

1,620 (55.73%)

2,084 (44.06%)

Network resources

(Mean, (S.D.), factor score)

0.10 (0.85)

-0.64 (1.00)

0 (0.94)

Organizational participation

   High

977 (53.59%)

1,252 (43.07%)

2,229 (47.12%)

   Low^a

846 (46.41%)

1,655 (56.93%)

2,501 (52.88%)